7 Money Moves to Consider

1. Is there too much risk in your portfolio?

If you’re younger, you may have been told to just wait out the volatile stock market, and indeed that may be best for you. But some people—no matter what their age—are more risk-averse than others, and that’s where working with a qualified financial professional comes in. They can help make sure your portfolio matches your individual tolerance for market risk.

As a general rule of thumb, every year as you get older, your financial advisor should ensure that your portfolio contains less and less risk, as asset preservation and protection from market risk becomes more critical with a shorter timeline to retirement.

2. Does your portfolio contain a lot of bonds or bond funds?

Some financial advisors only have one tool in their toolbox when it comes to lowering risk in your portfolio as you get older—bonds or bond funds. But with bond yields tied to interest rates and subject to duration risk, bonds or bond funds may not be your best option. And depending on the actions of central banks, bonds could offer you less than ever in the future.

Make sure your financial advisor isn’t a “one-trick pony” and has more than just bonds or bond funds to recommend to you for the fixed, or safer part of your portfolio. You deserve access to other options.

3. Do Roth conversions make sense for you this year?

Roth IRA accounts have many long-term tax advantages, including tax-free earnings with no RMDs (required minimum distributions) due in retirement—meaning you never have to withdraw any money if you don’t want to. Additionally, you can leave Roth IRAs to your heirs tax-free.

If you roll money over to a tax-free Roth from a taxable retirement account like a traditional IRA, you will pay ordinary income taxes on the amount rolled over in the year that the rollover is completed. A lower-earning year may be ideal if you’ve earned less and will therefore be in a lower tax bracket already. Or if your traditional IRA account is down in value, you could withdraw some of that money and reinvest it inside a Roth IRA. That way, when the stock market rebounds, those earnings could be tax-free.

NOTE: Rollovers can’t be undone, so it’s best to work with an advisor to do this.

4. Do you have enough money in your emergency fund?

Unexpected events can happen anytime and it’s to be prepared for the unprecedented. Now is the time to make sure you’ve set aside adequate liquid funds for emergencies. A rule of thumb is three to six months’ worth of living expenses.

5. Do you have an estate plan in place?

If there is one thing we all hate thinking about, it’s passing away from this earth. But in today’s crazy world, it’s more important than ever to make sure you have everything in place to make things as smooth as possible for your loved ones should the worst happen to you.

Some people think they don’t have enough money to need an estate plan, or they think they are too young, but pretty much everyone needs one to protect their family members. Estate planning includes a will containing your final wishes, possibly a trust which could bypass probate, a health care directive and a power of attorney should you become incapacitated, and other documents depending on your state of residence.

Don’t put this off. And don’t leave your financial advisor out of the process, either, they often have real-life experience and knowledge about what happens to families in cases of death and can help you and your estate attorney address issues you may not have considered.

6. Do you understand the basics behind filing for Social Security and Medicare?

Deciding when to claim Social Security affects your lifetime benefits. For singles, the decision mostly involves choosing when to file (between age 62 and 70). For married, widowed, or divorced individuals, filing strategies can be more complex and may benefit from expert guidance.

Medicare is not free; premiums, deductibles, and copays can add up. Late enrollment can result in higher lifetime premiums. It’s important to understand how these programs fit into your retirement plan well before eligibility.

7. Do you have a plan for long-term care?

People still believe that Medicare covers long-term care (LTC). It does not. Medicaid can cover long-term care if you or your spouse needs a nursing care facility, but in order to qualify for it, you have to spend down all of your assets leaving your spouse and/or heirs with nothing.

It’s very important to have LTC coverage in place. The good news is that the traditional long-term care insurance model has been upgraded to plans that can pay for LTC if you need it, but pay other benefits if you don’t.